Empowering Choices: The Role of Women’s Education in Leaving Unsatisfactory Marriages

Tauqeer Abdullah

doi:10.14198/fem.29055

Autores/as

Tauqeer Abdullah University of Peshawar, Pakistán https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7576-7224

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14198/fem.29055

Palabras clave:

Educación de la mujer, matrimonio, empoderamiento de la mujer, desigualdad de género, discriminación, feminismo, patriarcado, Pakistán

Resumen

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo examinar el papel de la educación superior y el empoderamiento social de las mujeres para facilitarles la salida de matrimonios no deseados y la recuperación de su autonomía personal en contextos sociales restrictivos. Se empleó un diseño de investigación cuantitativa mediante encuesta para recopilar datos de una muestra de 289 mujeres divorciadas en Peshawar, Pakistán, que habían obtenido la separación matrimonial mediante Khula (una forma de divorcio iniciada por la esposa según la ley islámica) por voluntad propia. Estas participantes, con al menos un título de máster, fueron seleccionadas mediante la técnica de muestreo en cadena. Los datos se recopilaron utilizando tres escalas de elaboración propia que medían la educación femenina (variable independiente), la salida de matrimonios insatisfactorios (variable dependiente) y el empoderamiento social (variable mediadora). Los datos recopilados se analizaron con los programas IBM SPSS y AMOS para la precisión estadística y la prueba del modelo. Los resultados indicaron una relación directa, débil pero estadísticamente significativa, entre la educación femenina y su capacidad para salir de matrimonios insatisfactorios. Además, el empoderamiento social influyó considerablemente en la relación entre la educación de las mujeres y su capacidad para abandonar un matrimonio insatisfactorio. Cabe destacar que la educación por sí sola (efecto directo) tuvo una influencia modesta, pero cuando contribuyó a un mayor empoderamiento social (efecto indirecto), su impacto en la capacidad de las mujeres para salir de matrimonios insatisfactorios fue mucho mayor. Estos hallazgos subrayan el papel fundamental de la educación superior y el empoderamiento social para fortalecer la capacidad de acción de las mujeres, ofreciendo información valiosa para los responsables políticos y las partes interesadas comprometidas con el avance de la independencia y los derechos de las mujeres en las sociedades patriarcales.

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