Animales en el (nuevo) espacio: chimponautas, cosmoperros, y biosfera II

Greta Gaard

doi:10.14198/fem.2013.22.08

Autores/as

Greta Gaard University of Wisconsin-River Falls, Estados Unidos

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14198/fem.2013.22.08

Palabras clave:

Ecofeminismo, Animales, Género, Cambio climático, Justicia ambiental, Relaciones entre seres humanos y animales, Laika, Biosfera II

Resumen

Como muchas de las personas nacidas durante la posguerra, crecí con imágenes de chimpancés catapultados al espacio como parte del programa de la NASA para la exploración espacial; también había leído acerca de Laika, la perra rusa que murió en su primera misión espacial, involuntariamente reclutada en las calles de Moscú, donde había vivido como un perro callejero. La Biosfera II –el intento fallido de volver a crear ecosistemas de la tierra en un recinto a las afueras de Tucson, Arizona– también se valió de animales, esta vez convertidos en alimento, como parte de un proyecto más amplio que investigaba las posibilidades de la vida humana más allá de la tierra. Ahora, los empresarios de NewSpace se dedican a buscar tecno-soluciones y viajes espaciales para élites en búsqueda de aventuras en recintos más allá de la superficie terrestre que cambia constantemente debido al cambio climático. Una perspectiva ecofeminista puede enriquecer nuestra comprensión de la ideología de la exploración espacial analizando cómo las narrativas culturales de género, especie y cultura se manifiestan tanto aquí en la tierra como más allá de nuestra biosfera. Cuestionar la investigación tecno-científica en el espacio exterior puede mejorar nuestra manera de comprender los problemas medioambientales contemporáneos tales como el cambio climático, la justicia ambiental y las relaciones entre humanos y animales.

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