Gender identity in interaction: overcoming heteronormativity

Carmen Santamaría-García

doi:10.14198/fem.2021.38.08

Autores/as

Carmen Santamaría-García Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, España http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4160-169X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14198/fem.2021.38.08

Palabras clave:

Gender, Face, Identity, Rapport, (Im)politeness.

Resumen

El presente artículo revisa conceptos teóricos que pueden contribuir al análisis de la construcción de la identidad de género en interacción, más allá de la heteronormatividad, es decir, de la normalización de la heterosexualidad como única forma válida de sexualidad, o al menos la más legítima. El concepto de identidad se explora junto con los conceptos de imagen, conexión (rapport) y (des)cortesía desde un enfoque discursivo (van der Bom & Mills, 2015). La autora argumenta que la identidad de género se construye en función de los atributos de imagen de respetabilidad y de identidad, con diferentes grados de prominencia y saliencia según los individuos y el contexto. El análisis se limita a la construcción de identidades de género masculino, tanto hetero como gais, en interacción con mujeres y se basa en datos de un corpus de interacción natural recopilado por la autora. Los varones gais de la muestra parecen utilizar diferentes recursos que los varones hetero en la construcción de relaciones cercanas mediante el uso de cortesía positiva, potenciadora de la imagen social de sus compañeras. A pesar del reducido tamaño de la muestra, el estudio espera contribuir a una mejor comprensión de la construcción de la identidad de género desde un enfoque discursivo.

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